高考短文改错中的动词_英语教学论文,高考短文改错中的动词_英语
高考短文改错中的动词
纵观94年至97年的高考短文改错一题，动词所占比例大大高于英语十大词类中的其他词类。94年占短文改 错总分的40％，95年占27％，96年占30％（注：改错中还有两个短语涉及到动词），97年占60％。动词的变化 多为时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词，还有情态动词、动词固定搭配等变化形式。
94年短文改错：
There is ∧ public library in every town in Britain.
81. a
──There are branch library in many villages.
────
82. libraries
─────Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to
──
83. costs
───borrow them. In some places you may borro w∧ many
84. as
──
附图{图}want has∧returned and is ready for you to pick up.
95. been
───
分析：
83.cost→costs。属于动词数的错误。一般现在时中第三人称单数形式，谓语动词应加s，故将cost改为c osts。
87.keep→kept。属于语态错误。 被动语态中的动词应为过去分词形式，故将keep改为kept。
91.去掉will。属于时态错误。条件句中用现在时代替将来时， 从is可断定句子时态为将来时。当主句的 谓语动词是将来时的定语从句，应用一般现在时代替将来时。故此才将will去掉。
93.send→sending。属于非谓语动词错误。of是介词，故应将send改为sending。
94.to know→know。属于非谓语动词错误。let为使役动词，let后的宾语补足语的不定式符号省略。故应 将to know改为know。
95.has returned→has been returned。属于语态错误， 故将hasreturned改为has been returned。
95年短文改错：Dear Mr and Mrs Smith,
I want to thank you again for have me in your
──
81. having
───home for the summer holidays. I had alway s
82.√
──wanted∧return to the village after moving a way
83. to
──and it is really great to see most of my old
friends again.
─ 84.was
──
I told Mother, Father, Sister,∧all my friends
85. and
──here that a great time I had. I'll never for get
── 86.what
───the steamboat ride. I never knew about a rid e down
───
87. that
──
附图{图}some times soon. Father and Mother would love to
──
92.time
──see you. Maybe you could come during a winter
─
93. the
──holidays. Uncle Ben will also go back for C hristmas.
94. come
──I'm sure we'll have a wonderfully time toge ther.
─────
95. wonderful
─────With best wishes.
Yours truly,
Tom
分析：
81.have→having。属于非谓语动词的错误。for是介词， 故应将have改为having。
83.return→to return。属于非谓语动词错误。want后面接不定式作宾语，故将return改为to return。
84.it→was。属于时态错误。由and连接的两个句子， 时态应前后一致，and前的时态是过去时，and后的 时态也应是过去时。故将is改为was。
94.go→come。属于动词误用。从上文我们知道Tom邀请Mr and Mrs Smith到Tom家，Uncle Ben也到Tom家过 圣诞节。故不能用go， 应将go改为come。
96年短文改错：
附图{图}to a American family. They live in a small ─
87. an
──town. It was very kind for them to meet me
──
88. of
──at the railway station and drove me to their
home.
───
89. drive
──The Smiths did his best to make me feel
──
90. their
──at home. They offered me coffee and other
91. √
──drinks. We have a good time talking and laug hing.
──
92. had
──together. They ∧ eager to know everything a bout
93. were
──China and asked me lots of question. In fa ct,
────
94. questions
─────
附图{图}
分析：
89.drove→drive。属于非谓语动词错误。drive me to their home同to meet me at the railway stat ion是并列关系，因有 and连接，故用drive，不能用drove。如用了drove，表面上看drove与was 是并列的关系 ，但与实际是不相符的，it为形式主语，真正的主语应是不定式复合结构。注：88.for→of。属于介词错误， 但这个介词仍与不定式有关系，属于不定式复合结构for (of) sb. to do中的介词。
92.have→had。属于时态错误。全文始终都是过去时，首尾应呼应，故将have改为had。
93.∧→were。属于时态及漏词错误。因eager是形容词不能单独做谓语，所以 eager前应加 were，were的 时态又与上下文呼应。注：90.his→their。这虽属于代词错误，但仍与动词有关，即短语 do one'sbest中的 代词。
97年短文改错：Dear Bob,
Hello. I learn about you from my English teacher,
──
86. learned
────Miss Fang. I'd like to∧your penfriend,
and get to know moreabout your country.
87. be/become
─────
附图{图}My name is Li Hua. I live in Beijing, where is the
──
89. which
───capital of China. I go to Hongqi Middle S chool. We
90. √
──study quite a few subject, such as maths, Ch inese,
────
91. subjects
────English and physics. I use to play ping -pong a lot
──
92. used
──in my spare time, but now I am interesting
in football.
─────
93. interested
─────
Do you play any ball games? What ∧ your favourite sport?
94. is (what's)
──────
I look forward to hear from you soon.
──
95. hearing
────
Yours,
Li Hua
分析：
86.learn→learned。属时态错误。 “我从老师那儿了解到你的情况”，这已是过去的事了，故应将lear n改为learned。
87.∧be/become。属于非谓语动词错误。would/should like todo是固定搭配，故to后应用动词原形。 取文意“做你的笔友”，故应添上be或become。
92.use→used。属于时态错误。used to do表示“过去常常”，因下文有now，而且还有连词but，故应将 use改为used。
93.interesting→interested。属于非谓语动词错误。主语为I，故要用过去分词表示“对……感兴趣”。
94. what ∧→is 。 属于动词时态和漏词错误。 因What yourfavourite sport？句中缺少系动词，
故应加上is ， 且is 又与yourfavourite sport形式一致，从上下文可断定为一般现在时， 故此才在what后 加上is。
95.hear→hearing。属于非谓语动词错误。look forward to 中的to为介词，故应将hear改为hearing。
高考短文改错中的动词