借喻抒情:一颗闪亮的星-AShiningStar
一颗闪亮的星
【内容提示】
你刚上高中时感到某一学科学习有困难，而教这门课的某某老师对学生非常负责。他（或她）对你进行耐心的帮助，经常辅导你做练习，让你有更多的机会回答问题，还教你学习方法，给你提供学习用品等，这使你对这门课产生了学习兴趣，学习成绩也从而好了起来。这位老师在你的心中是一颗闪亮的星，照耀着你前进的道路。
【作文示范】
A Shining Star
A teacher just likes a shining star to students. Miss Fu, one of my English teacher, is a shining star in my life.
I happened to be in Miss Fu＇s class when I began my high school years. At that time, I dared not speak English aloud in public, for I was shy and my pronunciation and intonation① were poor. Afraid of being laughed at, I never put up my hand to answer the questions Miss Fu raised in class, even if I had some good answers to them. For a time, I even lost interest in practising spoken English. When Miss Fu found out the reason, she encouraged me to speak. First she bought me some English tapes and told me to listen to them carefully, and try to recite them. In class, I was often asked questions and given a lot of chances to practise speaking.
Little by little, I became brave enough to speak, and was not afraid to speak English before others. Miss Fu smiled sweetly when she heard the news that I had been chosen to take part in an important oral English contest②.
Whenever I look at the stars in the sky, I recognize the brightest one ---- the symbol of Miss Fu in my heart. Miss Fu will always be a shining star in my life!
（选自《英语画刊》高中版1996年第1期）
【词语解释】
①intonation [?int+u＇neiM+n] n．语调；声调
②contest [＇k&ntest] n．竞赛；比赛
【写法指要】
本文用象征的手法把老师比做心中闪亮的星星，表达了作者对老师的感激之情和崇敬心情。文章引言段用的是“漏斗式”（the funnel）引入法，即由一般到具体的方法，正如漏斗似的上宽下窄。第一句以明喻（simile）的修辞格把全体老师比做闪亮的星星，第二句具体到作者心中的老师。第二段写老师如何帮助作者学习英语。第三段写作者的进步和成功。结尾段与引言段呼应，重复漏斗式方法，最后一句用隐喻（metaphor）重提自己生命中的闪亮之星——付老师。